THIS TABULAR DATA RELATES TO THE PAPER ABSTRACTED FROM THE SCRUTINEERED VETERINARY JOURNAL EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL
Equine vet. J. (1999) 31. 5. pp 433-442

FACTORS INVOLVED IN THE PROGNOSIS OF LAMINITIS IN THE UK

ROBERT A EUSTACE B.V.Sc. Cert.E.O. Cert.E.P. FRCVS.

The Laminitis Clinic, Mead House Farm, Dauntsey, Chippenham, Wiltshire. SN15 4JA.

P.J. CRIPPS B.V.Sc. B.Sc. M.Sc. PhD. MRCVS.

University of Liverpool, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science and Animal Husbandry, Leahurst, Neston, South Wirral, L64

 

Figure 1: Diagram to show how the Various Radiographic Measurements were made


Key:

D = Founder distance, WT = Wall Thickness (both before correction for magnification)
MP = Imaged Length of Middle Phalanx
Angles S, T, & U; Angle R is T minus U; Angle H is T minus S.
X = Position at which the X-ray beam was aimed.

Figure 2: Percentage Success For Acute Founder

% Success for Founder Distance Greater than or Equal to the value Given


Table 1 Distribution of cases by breed and outcome

Breed

Outcome of Treatment

Total

Failure

%

Success

%

Not Treated

%

N

%

Appalosa

0

0

1

100

0

0

1

0.5

Arab

5

56

4

44

0

0

9

4.2

Arab cross

4

36

7

64

0

0

11

5.1

Cob

1

8

11

92

0

0

12

5.6

Connemara

2

13

13

87

0

0

15

6.9

Dartmoor

0

0

2

100

0

0

2

0.9

Fell Pony

0

0

1

100

0

0

1

0.5

German

0

0

1

100

0

0

1

0.5

Hafflinger

1

50

1

50

0

0

2

0.9

Hunter

0

0

4

100

0

0

4

1.9

Icelandic

0

0

1

100

0

0

1

0.5

New Forest

2

22

7

78

0

0

9

4.2

Pony

6

21

21

72

2

7

29

13.4

Quarter horse

0

0

1

100

0

0

1

0.5

Riding Pony

0

0

1

100

0

0

1

0.5

Shetland

0

0

6

100

0

0

6

2.8

Show Pony

1

14

6

86

0

0

7

3.2

Thoroughbred

11

65

6

35

0

0

17

7.9

Thoroughbred cross

2

11

16

84

1

5

19

8.8

Welsh cross

4

33

8

67

0

0

12

5.6

Welsh Mountain Pony

1

13

7

88

0

0

8

3.7

Welsh Section A

1

9

9

82

1

9

11

5.1

Welsh Section B

1

25

3

75

0

0

4

1.9

Welsh Section C

1

100

0

0

0

0

1

0.5

Welsh Section D

2

9

20

87

1

4

23

10.6

Welsh type

4

44

5

56

0

0

9

4.2

TOTAL

49

22.7

162

75.0

5

2.3

216

100.0

Table 2 Distribution of cases by cause and outcome

Cause

Outcome of Treatment

Total

Failure

Success

Not Treated

N

%

Dietary

27

115

4

146

67.6

Dietary/Hepatosis

0

1

0

1

0.5

Dietary/Foot distortion

1

4

0

5

2.3

Dystocia

1

0

0

1

0.5

Foot distortion

2

11

0

13

6.0

Foot distortion/
contracture

1

6

0

7

3.2

Hepatosis

1

4

0

5

2.3

Iatrogenic

2

2

0

4

1.9

Pituitary adenoma

9

12

1

22

10.2

Pituitary adenoma/ Foot distortion

0

2

0

2

0.9

Renal disease

1

0

0

1

0.5

Thyroid

1

1

0

2

0.9

Toxaemia

0

1

0

1

0.5

Trauma/contracture

1

0

0

1

0.5

Trauma/Iatrogenic

1

0

0

1

0.5

Trauma/Stress

1

0

0

1

0.5

Traumatic

0

3

0

3

1.4

TOTAL (%)

49 (22.7)

162 (75.0)

5 (2.3)

216

100.0

Table 3 Distribution of cases by duration and outcome (duration is the time from onset until referral to the clinic)

Duration (weeks)

Outcome of Treatment

Total

 

Failure

Success

Not Treated

N

%

ó 1

6

13

0

19

8.8

< 3

3

23

1

27

12.5

< 6

11

29

2

42

19.4

< 12

7

30

2

39

18.1

< 24

3

11

0

14

6.5

< 36

0

7

0

7

3.2

< 52

1

4

0

5

2.3

ò 52

14

34

0

48

22.2

unknown

4

11

0

15

6.9

TOTAL (%)

49 (22.7)

162 (75.0)

5 (2.3)

216

100.0

Table 4. Distribution of cases by age and outcome

Age (years)

Outcome of Treatment

Total

 

Failure

Success

Not Treated

N

%

ó 3

3

10

1

14

6.5

< 6

5

21

0

26

12.0

< 12

13

68

2

83

38.4

< 15

14

29

1

44

20.4

< 20

11

25

1

37

17.1

ò 20

3

9

0

12

5.6

TOTAL (%)

49 (22.7)

162 (75.0)

5 (2.3)

216

100.0

Table 5 Distribution of cases by sex and outcome

Sex

Outcome of Treatment

Total

 

Failure

Success

Not Treated

N

%

Mare

29

73

4

106

49.1

Gelding

20

81

1

102

47.2

Stallion

0

8

0

8

3.7

TOTAL (%)

49 (22.7)

162 (75.0)

5 (2.3)

216

100.0

Table 6. Distribution of cases by Clinical Group and Outcome

Clinical Group

Outcome of Treatment

Failure

Success

Total

 

N

%

N

%

N

%

Group A: Laminitis

0

0

16

100

16

7.6

Group B: Acute Founder

15

19.5

62

80.5

77

36.5

Group C: Sinker

12

80.0

3

20.0

15

7.1

Group D: Chronic founder

22

21.4

81

78.6

103

48.8

TOTAL

49

23.2

162

76.8

211

100.0

Table 7. Distribution of cases by Grade of Lamenes and Outcome

Clinical Group

Outcome of Treatment

Failure

Success

Total

 

N

%

N

%

N

%

Grade 0

0

0.0

13

100.0

13

6.2

Grade 1

2

5.9

32

94.1

34

16.1

Grade 2

13

14.9

74

85.2

87

41.2

Grade 3

13

36. 1

23

63.9

36

17.1

Grade 4

14

46.7

16

53.3

30

14.2

Grade 5

7

63.6

4

36.4

11

5.2

TOTAL

49

23.2

162

76.8

211

100.0

Table 8 Distribution of cases by Horse or Pony and Outcome

Horse or Pony

 Outcome of Treatment

 

Failure

Success

Total

 

N

%

N

%

N

1%

Horse

26

26.0

74

74.0

100

47.4

Pony

23

20.7

88

79.3

111

52.6

TOTAL

49

23.2

162

76.8

211

 

Table 9. Distribution of cases by Clinical Group, Horse or Pony and Outcome

Clinical Group

 Outcome of Treatment

Failure

Success

Total

 

N

%(1)

N

%(1)

N

%(1)

Group A: Laminitis

0

0

16

100

16

7.6

Horse

0

0

9

100

9

9

Pony

0

0

7

100

7

6.3

Group B: Acute Founder

15

19.5

62

80.5

77

36.5

Horse

11

22.5

38

77.5

49

49

Pony

4

14.3

24

85.7

28

25.2

Group C: Sinker

12

80.0

3

20.0

15

7.1

Horse

6

75.0

2

25.0

8

8.0

Pony

6

85.7

1

14.3

7

6.3

Group D: Chronic founder

22

21.4

81

78.6

103

48.8

Horse

9

26.5

25

73.5

34

34.0

Pony

13

18.8

56

81.2

69

62.2

TOTAL

49

23.2

162

76.8

211

 

1 Percent in each clinical group for all animals, horses and ponies respectively

TABLE 10 THE ABILITY OF DIFFERENT VARIABLES TO PREDICT OUTCOME

Predictors were chosen using forward stepwise logistic regression. Additional predictors increased the overall accuracy and significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the residual deviance. Where group membership was used as a predictor the predicted outcome was the most prevalent one for that group.

CLINICAL GROUP

ADDITIONAL PREDICTORS

PROPORTION OF SUCCESSES CORRECTLY PREDICTED

PROPORTION OF FAILURES CORRECTLY PREDICTED

OVERALL
ACCURACY

ALL GROUPS

None

162/162 (100%)

0/49 (0%)

162/211 (77%)

ALL GROUPS

Groups

159/162 (98%)

12/49 (24%)

171/211 (81%)

LAMINITIS ONLY

None

16/16 (100%)

-------

16/16 (100%)

ACUTE
FOUNDER ONLY

None

62/62 (100%)

0/15 (0%)

62/77 (81%)

* ( -D +Nfeet
-Grade +Wt )

59/60 (98%)

5/14 (36%)

64/74 (86%)

SINKER ONLY

None

0/3 (0%)

12/12 (100%)

12/15 (80%)

CHRONIC
FOUNDER ONLY

None

81/81 (100%)

0/22 (0%)

81/103 (79%)

* ( -Angle U
-Grade )

79/80 (99%)

6/22 (27%)

85/102 (83%)

ALL GROUPS1

* ( -D -Nfeet
-Grade +Sex )

154/158 (97%)

20/47 (47%)

174/205 (86%)

ALL GROUPS2

* ( -D -Grade
-AngleT +AngleR)

149/158 (94%)

20/47 (43%)

169/205 (82%)

ALL GROUPS EXCEPT CHRONIC
FOUNDER

*-D

72/79 (91%)

17/26 (71%)

89/105 (85%)

D: Founder Distance in mm
Nfeet, Grade: Number of Feet affected, Grade of Lameness, (both entered as continuous variables)
Wt: Wall Thickness in mm

* The sign (+ or -) for a continuous variable is the sign for coefficient in the model which predicted success: e.g., for Chronic Founder an increased Angle U decreased the predicted probability of success.

1 The best fit model when group membership is not included. All 8 stallions were successes.

2 The best fit model when group membership and Sex are excluded.